Warp-knitting machine



(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet l.

o. H. LANDENBERGBP.. WARP KNITTING MACHINE. No. 428,780. Patented Mar. 18, 1890.

l FCLI.

I (No Model.) `4 I sheets-sheet 2. I H. LANDENBBRGER. 1

WARP KNITTING MACHINE.v

' No. 423,750. Patented Mar. `18, 1890.

-IN1/enforanden erger' (No Modem Y l 6 sheets-sheet 4.

C. H. LANDENBERGER. WARP KNITTING MACHINE.

No. 423,780.. 4 Y Patented Mar. 18, 1890.

J1 I l J' WWW@ (No Model.) A 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

l G. H. LANDENBERGER.

\ WARP KNITTINGMACHINE. No. 423,780. y f Patented Mar. 18', 1390.

(No Model.) a sheets-sheet e.

C.H.LANDBNBBRGER.-

WARP KNITTING MACHINE.

No. 423,780. PatentedMa'r. 18,*1890.

UNITED STATES CI-IARLrsfir LANDENBERGER, on

'PA-.TENT OFFICE.-

PHILAD'ELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA. f l

wARmkNl'l-TING MAcHINs;

sPEciFIcATIoN forming par: of Letters Paf-,ent No. saavsdaatd' March is,- 1890.

To all whom it may concern.' 1 'Be it. known that I, CHARLES H literaire;-v BERGER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Tarp- Knitting'Machines, of which the following is a specification.- nl.

The object of my invention is lto provide y for the production of knitted. fabrics of the' structural character shown and' described. in my application for patent, filed September 24, 1888, Serial No. 286,148, and especially for the" production of such .fabrics witha figured or patterned face, andthis object I attain in the manner hereinafter set forth, reference j being. had to the accompanying drawings, in

which- Figuresl, 2, and 3 are diagrams illustrating the operation of the machine; Fig. 4, a transverse section, partly in elevation, of part of the machine; Fig. 5', a .longitudinal sec-` tion, partly in eievation; Fig. 6, a transverse Esection of the Jacquard apparatus on an en` larged scale; Fig. 7, sectional pla of the' same,landFigs. i'S-to 2O detached views illustrating features'oftbe invention.

The fabric shown in Fig. 1 of the application above referred toconsisted of a backing constituting in itself fai complet-e fabricand having a series of tufts` or loops tied down or secured thereto by binding-threads forming r rows of stitches, andthe fabric was produced the main feature of the machine is its prof, rvision for the production ofiigured or patset forthinthe application noted."

The general operation of the machine will terned fabrics of astructure similar to that I' -be understood from the diagrams, Figs. 1 to 3, in Whh represent opposite g'uide'i` plates, over which are drawn inthe direction Applies@ filed August- 13, 198'?.`A stm-ai ro. 246,848. (remodel.)

used as backing-s,

4through the o As the front `needles rise,

of the arrows the two vfabrics A A; which are img slottedA for the lpassage of' a row of nee. dl'esv y, carried yby asuitablev needle-bar y. Above the plates wis a swinging fram'ejhav- -ing thread-guidesw, one for each pair of needles, each pair comprising one needle of each bar, and these guides are peculiarly constructed, each having opposite recesses a, `,which communicate )Vith each other over an interposed bridge b.

each of the plates w be- For each pair of -ne'edles'in the'machinefront and back bars-there are as many figuring or `tuftin'g warpthreads B as there are to be colors in the design or. pattern of the fabric along the line of stitches formed on saidneedles; each set of warpfthreads B passing pening of one of theguides Yu'.

.Thesen warp-threads are' `controlled by the that' is' to say., foravneedle in each `of the laterally-moved eyes 'orimails. of'harness-f I threads operated by a jacquard, and-in making the fabriethe tlread ofeach guide vWhich is to be wrapped around a needle of the front.

bar is drawn over to that sideot' the guide adjacent to said front needle andrests in the recess a: at that side of 'they guide, all of the other threads being drawn to the other side of the guide and heldout of tlxeway in the opposite recess of said guide. (See Fig. 1.) the guidesw are moved transversely and longitudinally so as to wrap the-selected threads aroundsaid need1es,as shown in Fig. 2, andthe needles then descend so as to draw their stitches through the backing fabric and through previously formed on the needles.

As-shown in the drawings, special needles constructed inthe manner described hereinafter are used in the machine, but ordinary be employedin needle; S

After the needles at the front o f the machine have completed their descent those on the place of the'specal form of back of the machine rise and the thread-l arness-threads guides w are shifted and theh operated so asto draw the unused warpthreads out of the way of the'rising needles,

those threads whichgformed needles being dravvn over guidesasshown in Fig. 3, in position be loops on the front to the' backs'of the -the loops 9 spring beard or latch needles may, if desired,

wrappedfhysaid guides/around theback'neep 'rollff' and thenceto-the deli'veryrolls f, and dlesr the'threa'd's' which form stitches on the theother fabric passing first oyer'the second 'front needles being always carried thence tof' roll f andthence round guide-rolls ff, near 7o the-.back needles'fso ast'o form tufti'ng-threads the base`of' the fmachine. T he guides w. are gf.eytel'1dii`1g.: l from fo "ne backing-'fabricito thfcarried by arms w', hung to a rock-shaft E, ."othe'rf On.thenextgrisefofthe front needleswhich isvfreeboth to turn and to slide in the'jacquardperates'so as to again 'dictate' bearings in the frames C, and said shaft is r -the threads td .be ltirapp'-ed... around the. said" rocked by means ofA a cam G on the shaft F, 7 5 iront needles, these .threads being veither the 'said cani acting through the rnedium of alever l lxo :saine as those before used or diffe rentt-lireads,v Gfand arm G2, While thereciprocatio'n-of the in: accordance withthe 'require'inents`ofthey rock-shaft is eiected by a cam h, acting ..patteriLf It vwill be observedA that byth'is through the rnediu'm'ot a lever h and a sec'- means anydesired one @f g thefset ofr` warp- -fondary lever h2', `as shownin Fig. 5. 8o threads controlled by each guide maybe usedi The needle-bars 'y' y are operated by cams 15 to form the'crgssing-thread from -one fabric S on. the shaft F, these cams acting throughv t'o .the other, each 0i' the threads )rotin/ the medium of'rods S'. `(See Fig. 5.) use iloating' in proximity to the backing The harness-threads c, for controlling the fabricof thefrear set"'oi needles untilfitjs tufting-warps, pass around rods i, preferably 85" f again called by the jacquard to form `a stitch of' glass, carried by brackets on the side .2o on the front needle, in. connection Withwhich frames; and the threads are then led up to a l itis used. '1 Jacquard machine mounted above the main Wherefa tuftingthread isused'in makingl fllarne. vThis jacquard is a duplex machine several successive stitchesfitovrill' pass diof peculiar construction, as shown in Figs.- 6 9o rectly across "front one-fabric-tor'the/other; and 7,`the machine having two 1ifterhoardsf 2'5ibut' when such thread is o itof use for sonrie- .HT and asupporterfboard J, the litter-boards ti-Ineit Will,` ,whenneXt ca1led---upon',be dravvn wbeing` formed with eyes'having projecting across froin fabric to fabric ata more. or less saw-kerfs or notches, those of one board i'fac-v j acute anglefasshown i11' -'Figs.;1, 2, and'3,'a1d ing in an opposite direction from those of the 95 1. whenthe threads connecting. the two back-'- other board,- and each harness-threadhaving going fabricsare severed these diagonal threads twokn'ots, one above the board- Hand the f *fwillbe longer than'thestraight-threads,.the ether 'above theboardfLit bengnnderlong gendsbeng removed by any suitable. stoodl that each harness-thread' passes from 'sheari'ng'apparatus`. .j f lone side of the supporter-board down through Ion vrEach guidehastwobindingthreadsD-one 'one et the-lifter-boards, then vacressfroin one f l 735. forxninga continuous course o f stitches'on arod. to the othenand thence up through the l' frontneedleand the'other a like coursel of other -lit'ter-board to the. supporter. board -J-stitc/heol aGOrFeSpOUdillg'baCk lledlef-and again. W.hen,therefore, athread is adj usted j these binding-threads may-or n 1ay not be unso that a -knotvofthe same engages with a :c5 A'der the cQntrOlDi th'e,-fjacquar'd',as desired saw-hert of'the board H, the other knot can '4o The stitchesof bindingthreadAv are drawnf l'descend throughthe eyeof the board l, and 'thr0'gh the Stitchesfpf tllftilgfthread, and vyice versa, the. consequence being that a lat- .aresinterlooped with eaclijotheifthe .back `j eral-movement wil beimpartedto thoseporof-'the fabric, aS Sh0WII- =1fmyiapp1ication \tiol 1s' of ,the harness-threadsbetween the -ro'll- '11o above referred to',.ad" serve t otiethegfloops yfers,f ',and thelateral separation ofihe Warps j 45.- of tuitingQthread 'down".onto.thebaekofthe threads -by the' eyes of' the harness-threads 4"'5f9'lbl'ci SQ hfihe tfu'ftDfg-l'OPS Will-b 'Will'bethereby'eiected, as above set forth. 1 .in .pOSt'm Yelifheyare' not. themselves f The supporter-board is in the present in .interloopedb asfshoyvir, for instance, intiig',y 4 4'stance connected by rods J vto arms K, which rx 5 f "tof-.the drawingsof.iny'atoresaid appli cat-ion. are-secured"to)a 1 ocl 'shaft K', one ofthe 5o The machine Whichluseor'producing the larins being connected by arod L' to an 'anni fabric comprises. 'opposite end trani' O, s 1 it L, which is-actnated by acam M on a shaft -ablyhracd'andf alryng'guidestorthe; Saidfshaftalso nasa c ainN, which acts IJ. )S.i te .needlebilrilfyggand gguides'oi" inears1` uponan arnrPQconnectedbya rod P to one 12o vi 1 1 ;syfor. the varQus,shaif t s',. rollS," har; and f oa pair .f-'arnisQ onf'a rockshaft'Q, said f 'f 5 Sfother i mecha'ns formi'nffpartfot thegniafif arnlsQbei'rg' connected vby'rods H I.' tothe .Chin-6v l lfterlboards'H and L Thesupporter-board Thebaek'n MILS@ G diWl'T-flm 01315011 Jthusdescen'ds'asfthelifter-boards rise, and sit-e'rolls d ianii, after passingarund'suitvyiceyers'a, so that it may hej said' that each4 I 25 able leto i'r61} l`s;', pass over the plates a'-, harness-thread is kept undertension between i. v6o' down around 'take `up` 'ro11se,and thence to the supporter-board on one side ot themid- 7 deliyery-.r'ollsl f, the 'connecting-threads be... dle/'f-the machine and the lifterboard on' ingseparated by a `suitable 'knife g at any *the opposite side of the middle of the madesired point in their descent. As shown',- chine, with-which lifter-'board said thread is 13o. the knife .gis Acarried .by'a pivoted arm'g, to inv l engagement, the thread falling slack in 65 which a v ibratinur movement'is imparted by vthe space between this lifter-board and the 4 .a cam g2 on the siaft' F ofA the'jinachine, one' supperter-board as the latter falls and theof.'the.' severed fabrics passing directly to alifter-iioards rise, and the threadsbeing all mid-position when thel under tension with their eyes occnpyinga supporterboard is up The card-cylinder R may be 'operated "by any of the means common in Jacquard appa- -The movable supporterlmardis hot abso;

vlutely necessaryto the proper carrying ont of, `my invention, as the harness-threads may loe continuous and mavpassaround suitable supporting-rolls fz", las shown, for instance, in FigL 9, the lifter-boardsacting' upon `one orA other of the opposite verticalportions vof the` harness-threads -t0V draw their-,eyes to one side or the other, or asingle lifter-board only may, if desired,be' 'e1nployed with. this arrangement of threads,.as 'shown in Fig. 10,

eachV thread being Weighted, so that itwill (1escend and draw the eye' to its normalposition when the lifting-board lis downhthe normal position being one extremeo'f movement and carrying the warpfthread into'onerecess-of the guide w, p

other extreme of movement and'carrying the delivery rolls is omitted from Figs', 4 and' shaft M,

Warp-thread into the other recess of the-guide'.

The gearing .used for electing the simul' I stnd on the frame,.this`wheel,having pins 3,

posite ends of these spindles have bev 10, which, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. ,8,V

`diate wheels 8',-

which act on levers 4, carrying pawls 5,' er1- g gaging with ratchet-Wheelsf, sp'ur-pinions-T-- engage with` interme-.1

on the shafts of which p gearing into spur-wheelsr9on the .spindles of the take-np rollsef. The opgearinto bevel-pinions `11, carried by inclined shafts 12, connected 'by bevel-gears '-13 14 to A the spindles of-the'leeoff muse." The'wneel 2 has another 'pin 15, which' acts. n pona weighted .lever 16, ,carryinga pawl 17, 'which engages with aratchet-wheel 18.011 the shft`- of the lower .delivery-ro1l,tl1eweight serving t restore the lever .toits initial-position in` contact with a stop 19, when said lever is free from the control of the'` pin 15. The'invardmovement of thejlevers 4 is action of springs. 20, and this .movement is limited'by contact of said levers with.axijnst` whereby any dej sired amount of let-olf and fakeln p (if-.thefabi` able stopsflV Qn the frame,

ric/can be veliected.

colors in the ply t11ftingwarps. only to: alternate the; interveningv binding-threads,

and-'the cam zgwhich effectsv -the lateral reciprocationof the rock-shaft car-- rying the guides uf, is such as to reciprocate said shaft tothe extent of the distance-be" t\`v een adjacent needles, so that While inione course of stitches thefrst', third, and like oddV needles will receive tnftingfthrehds, and the and like even needles will resecend,'fourtl1,

order will be' reversed, ceiving binding-threads and the and the lifted positionbeingthe a similar wheel2ona be'usedind l s j needles in connection guides w," guides .being supplied with the that they will readily ;penetrate theP fabric,

ceive bindngthreads, in the next conrse the receiving tuftingethreads. derstoodon reference to Eig. 11, in which .the

@ne vlines represent 'thestitchesoffbindingjjthread and the heavylinges the stitches 'of tufting-Warps. In thiscase the-vertical rows represent successive stitches` Aon the same needle, and it 'will be observed that there is first a stitch composed of tnfting-warp, then a stitch composed -ojf binding-thread, then another stitch composedof tufting-warp, and so 8 on. i By this means thev loops drawn on 'the back of thefabric are small and lie compactlytogether',asfthe loops 'of tn'ftig-thread are staggered, andl each of said loops is interlooped only with a fine binding-thread instead of With a loop of 'llxeay-*y tnfting-thread, as whensuch threadvforms a loop on .each needle; for each course `of the fabric. j iMor'eover, i double 'the number of colors can be employed with the same capacity of Jacqnardmachihe and the same number of threads in the warp-44, that is to say, instead of having 'foreach guilde 'w say five tnftivnglwa'ps there Vwill be for every. alternate guide/zu ten tnfting-warps, which caibefyvorked" rstonone needlegand then on thev next, so that each. ldlcY may have thatisto seggten--colors-insteadof p each of the ten colei` 'edbya guide may`l ."e'ith'er of the two stead of the needles shfo'vvnin 'Figsjlto 3, and which will. be hereinafter described, suit-l ablelatchoperating plates-.It kshould be employed for openingthelatches as the needles rise. and closing saidlatches` as the needles' descend, as shown in` Figs. 12-.and 13, in order to prevent. said" latches from catchin g in 'the' When-diamante isvdesigned for' @odilenga fabric similar tethatshownin Fig. 4 of l `niy"-aforesaid"applicationfthat ijs' tosay, aj fabric-in which jvvefti-threads are. lisd [asf a' backing in placeof. the complet-efabric, Whichv,I -liav'e. heretofore shown and d'escribedf-S-the .mapllitie-shtmld .be prfnzided with -aslide n, inonnted nponfatransverse bar m and pro'i 'videdt with an arm, l; which projects' over the j. topsjof thE needleswhen the latter'areraise`d.` Then a fabric having 'a large l number of pattern is to be produced,l sup-- This device is A'n the nature'of a sh1`1ttle,'and is-provided withoper'ating arms or handles p, bywhichit may be thrownacross the nia-- x chine jfrom. one side to .the other after the needles have been .f raised, and -before the threals h av'e been -lapped'aronn'd t e same,

so as toeect the laying of 'the Weft-thread'behind the row of'needles before the formation of the stitches' thereon." f Y g -lVhen aspecialbackingfabricisemployed, needles used nlustlhave'sharp points, so

the odd needles re-v even needles 7oy This will be 11nand as the formation, of such a sharp point l ro an ordinary spring-beard needle, and with the latch opening and closing pla-tes used with an ordinary latch-needle, by making the stem of the sheath t trough shaped and 'adapting i thereto the shank or a Sh'dihg latch t, which i 5 is beveled at' each end, so that it will pass through the backing fabric.v fAs the needle Vdescends, the bottom of the latch strikes the fabric and said latch israised until its upper J end strikes astop 'it in the sheath, the latch 2o covering and `protecting the point of the hook s' during. the 'remainder of the descending movement .of the needle.

needle the latch, under the pressure oflthe fabric, descends until'its lower en d strikes a z 5 stop uv,'Whereb-ysaid descent is arrested;the'

loop slipping down over the latch and-'the hook of the needle being left open to receive In some casesl'ma'y dispense with o nc set 3o.ofneedles and one backing fabric and use in place of the needles simple v"pins-such as threads are laid, the loops thus formed being afterward-"cut, or the pinshaving knives-- 3 5, such' as shown in Fig. 20 ;which cut the loops as they areslipped from the saine.

Although the machine has been'des'cribed as adouble machine, and although it is preferable'to construct it in that- Way, it'Willbe 4`o levident thatthe essential `features of my inventionmaybc embodied ina machine having but a single rowI of needles, 'the'tuftingf lthreads being laid along the face of the backing fabric duringthe operationr of the ma- `chine, and being subsequently sheared to im.- S part the proper piled surface to the fabric. v

- -L I claim'as my inventionff- 4 l. The combination, in a knitting-machine, vof a needlebar and its needles, af support r'5o whereby a backing Afabric is held 'I inf position x to be, penetrated vby said needles, guidesfor "directing-.threads to 'the needles, feedvrolls for the backing' fabric, and operatingmechanism 'for'said' needles,. guides, and. feed-rolls, allv I 'substantially as specIied.-

21 The combination ef opposite needlebars and their needles, supports for tvvo backing dles and then to the opposite set, feed-rolls v guide foi; a knittingmachine, said' guide'havA On the rise of the l of a row of \nee'dles, guides for`applying knitof opposite. lrows of needles, duplex thread- -twosubscribingvvitnesses.6

fabrics, one for eaclrset of a needles, guides foidirecting threads. 'first to Aou"e' s.et of lneefor the 'backingfabrics and operating mechanism for said needles, guides, and feed-rolls,

all substantially as specilied.

3. -The Within described 'duplex thread- 65 ing recesses communicating with each other over an interposedbridge, all substantially as specified. l j 4. The combinatiomin Jacquard mechan-I ism, 'of harness-threads and guides located so that said threads have opposite vertical portions and intermediate transverse portions v carrying the eyes, with a vertically-moving supporter-board and vertically-movin g lifter' boards having notched eyes, the notches of the eyes of one board facing in the'opposite direction from those of the` `other board, all.

substantially as specified.

15; The combination, 1n aknitti'ng-machine, 8o'

ting-threads thereto, each of said guides having opposite recessesand an interposed bridge, and Jacquard mechanism having harnessthreads withI transversely-extending eye portions, whereby the knitting-thread controlled 85 byeach harness-threadma'y bevdirected. 1205 one orother of the recesses in itsl guide, all

substantially as specilied 6. The combinatio n,in akuitting-machine,

O vgiides, each having recesses communicating .9 with'each other over an interposed bridge, and Jacquard mechanism having harness'-v threads With transversely-entending eye portions, whereby theknitting-threads are drawn 9b into one or other of said recesses, all substantially as specified,

7. Aknitting-"machine'needle consisting of a hook and arecessed sheath carrying the same 'and having a sharp'point above the hook, all substantially as specied.

82 A knitting-machineneedl having abarbed point vat the'npper enda grooved stem, and a latch" sliding in said stem and having'be'veled ends, all'substantially as specied'.'

In testimony'whereof'l have signed my name to this specification in the presence 'of4 I OO f5 CHARLES" 11; .LAND ENnRGERf- Witesses':

: WILLIAM'D CONNER,

' HARRY SMIfrH.- 

